There are two main types of smoke alarm tech, says Raman Chagger, principal consultant at BRE, the Building Research Establishment. Ionisation-based systems use a tiny amount of radioactive material to charge, or ionise, particles in the air which flow between two small plates. Should smoke interrupt that flow of charged particles, the alarm goes off.
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The system, designed in Devon by a company called Fishtek Marine, was tested by Swansea University in the Severn Estuary.
"Space regulations don't cover the new problems emerging - interference with astronomical observations, risk of collision in orbit, risk of stuff falling on our heads, and now it is becoming clear, atmospheric pollution," says Andy Lawrence, Professor of Astronomy at the University of Edinburgh.
At the same time sea level rise around the UK is also accelerating, due to warmer, expanding oceans and melting glaciers.